There are several forms of prostatitis, differing in symptoms and course of the inflammatory process. Despite the fact that, in general, the disease is well studied, there is one form that is still little known - this is abacterial prostatitis. This condition is also called chronic pelvic pain syndrome and according to the latest information, it occurs in one in five men on the planet. Despite such widespread incidence, the disease remains a mystery to doctors and very difficult to treat.
Abacterial and non -infectious prostatitis: what is the difference?
Abacterial or non -bacterial prostatitis is often mistaken for non -infectious prostatitis. In fact, these are two different diseases with different manifestations and causes of development.
Chronic abacterial prostatitis is a disease without obvious inflammatory symptoms of the prostate gland. Moreover, in most cases, detailed examination does not allow the presence of inflammatory processes in the organ. At the same time, non -infectious prostatitis is an inflammatory disease that has a clear and well -studied cause. Non -infectious prostatitis is caused by a violation of the trophism of the prostate gland, as a result of which stagnant prostate secretions and inflammatory processes develop. Non -infectious prostatitis is most often diagnosed in older patients, while non -bacterial prostatitis can occur in men of all ages.
To avoid confusion, non -bacterial prostatitis is also called chronic pelvic pain syndrome, which perfectly characterizes the main symptoms of this complex disease.
Common symptoms
With little need, painful discomfort is felt.
The symptoms of abacterial prostatitis are not similar to the symptoms of inflammation of the prostate gland, so many doctors consider the neurological nature of the development of the disease.
With abacterial prostatitis, the symptoms are as follows:
- persistent pain in the pelvic area;
- increased pain syndrome during urination;
- severe discomfort with ejaculation;
- general physical illness;
- nervous tension.
As a rule, pelvic pain occurs for a long time, in the period from three months to six months. The pain syndrome is painful, monotonous, it can pass on its own without the use of analgesics, and then spontaneously return. The pain radiates to the testicles, perineum, anus. Sometimes there are short-term episodes of shooting "nerve" pain in the lower back, lower abdomen, groin.
The patient complained of worsening erections. During ejaculation, he felt a strong tension, ejaculation was accompanied by sharp pain. During urination, severe pain attacks are also possible.
Simultaneously with these symptoms, there is a strong emotional depression. The man is tense, prone to stress, some patients suffer from insomnia and neurosis -like conditions.
Causes of abacterial prostatitis
A fall, and as a result of a back injury, can cause illness.
Non -bacterial prostatitis is not well understood, so doctors give possible causes of the disease.
The exact mechanism of development and pathogenesis of chronic abacterial prostatitis has not been established.
Probably, the disease can have the following reasons for its development:
- inflammation of the ligaments and tendons of the pelvic floor;
- autoimmune processes;
- increase in pelvic floor ligaments;
- back injuries and chronic spinal diseases;
- violation of blood microcirculation in the prostate gland;
- cause of neuropsychiatry;
- intracellular parasites and pathogens in the prostate.
Inflammation of the ligaments and tendons of the pelvic floor can develop due to infectious diseases of the organs of the genitourinary system, which are located in the vicinity. As a result, the infection spreads to the ligaments, they become inflamed and grow in size, squeezing and irritating nearby nerve endings. The pain felt by a man at the same time can radiate along the nerves, giving in the lower back, groin, lower abdomen or anus.
Another suspected cause of chronic abacterial prostatitis or CABD is an autoimmune process in the body. As a result of such failure, the immune system begins to see the cells of the prostate gland as a foreign element and attacks it with immune cells, leading to the appearance of the typical symptoms of abacterial prostatitis.
Another suspected cause is viral prostatitis, which is experienced by patients in childhood. Because the prostate in boys is not sufficiently developed, viral inflammation of this organ may have no obvious symptoms and turn into a chronic form, which in adult men is indicated by pelvic pain syndrome.
The disease can also be associated with various back pathologies, injuries or osteochondrosis, as a result of which compression of the spinal nerve roots occurs, which causes pain and disorders of the prostate gland.
Some doctors have suggested that the disease may be due to congenital circulatory failure of the prostate gland, which causes the organ to be unable to cope with its function. Over time, this leads to the onset of chronic pain features of abacterial prostatitis.
In addition, there is a theory that CABD may be caused by neuropsychiatric disorders, for example, severe stress, neurosis, and vascular dystonia. In this case, the pathology must be considered a psychosomatic illness.
Other theories claim that the disease may be associated with intracellular parasites or microorganisms, the size of which is so small that they do not allow the detection of the causative agent of the disease by standard methods.
Risk factors
Smoking can contribute to prostate problems.
Probably, risk factors for the development of chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men are:
- previous diseases of the prostate gland;
- chronic stress;
- back injuries;
- pelvic organ hypothermia;
- urogenital infections;
- chronic testicular disease;
- bad habits;
- circulatory disorders of the pelvic organs;
- hypodynamics;
- pelvic injuries.
The risk of developing this disease increases if a man does not eat properly. Lack of essential vitamins and microelements can affect not only the general well -being, but also the work of the prostate gland.
Differential diagnosis
To make a diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain syndrome, the following conditions are required:
- long -term pain, for a period of three months;
- absence of pathogenic microorganisms in prostate secretions;
- the absence of a focus of chronic infection in the body;
- discomfort with ejaculation.
To make a diagnosis, a differential diagnosis is carried out with prostate cancer, neurological syndrome, spinal pathology, which leads to irritation of the spinal nerve roots.
General urological examination is important - palpation of the prostate, transrectal ultrasound of organs, study of the composition of prostate secretions. You should also exclude inflammatory diseases of the testes, bladder and kidney pathology, which can manifest themselves as different localization pain syndromes.
It is important to be examined by a neurologist and a therapist. You should also consult a proctologist to rule out rectal pathology.
Methods of treatment
An integrated approach is used in the treatment of abacterial prostatitis. Therapy is chosen by the urologist, taking into account the characteristics of the course of the disease in the patient. This takes into account the general health and psycho-emotional state of the man.
Therapy includes the following methods:
- symptomatic treatment;
- prostate massage;
- physiotherapy methods.
As needed, treatment can be supplemented with sedatives, homeopathy and herbal remedies.
Drug therapy
Before using drug therapy, you should consult your doctor.
For the symptomatic treatment of abacterial prostatitis, the following groups of drugs are prescribed:
- broad -spectrum antibiotics of antimicrobial action;
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
- antispasmodics and analgesics;
- alpha blockers;
- sedatives and antidepressants.
In the treatment of non -bacterial prostatitis, antibacterial agents are used, however it may sound paradoxical. The fact is that the theory of microorganisms that cannot be seen through a microscope remains open, therefore antibacterial agents are prescribed for prevention. Urologists say that these drugs help to quickly eliminate the symptoms of the disease, so their use is completely justified.
Antispasmodics and analgesics are used to reduce pain. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can also be used as symptomatic therapy.
To facilitate the urination process, administration of alpha-blockers is indicated.
It should be noted that the optimal treatment regimen is selected individually for each man. You can not self-medicate, take drugs of the listed groups inadvertently, it is better to trust an experienced specialist.
Prostate massage and physiotherapy
In general, treatment of abacterial prostatitis with drugs showed good results. Other methods are needed to consolidate the therapeutic effect.
Prostate massage improves organ function, prevents stagnation of prostate secretion, normalizes blood circulation and metabolic processes. He was appointed in a course of 10 procedures.
As physical therapy, magnetic effects, ultrasound therapy, electrophoresis with vasodilators and other methods are prescribed. Also, patients are shown spa treatments, for example, mud therapy.
Restoration of the people
Tincture of motherwort herb is good for treating diseases.
It is possible to treat non-bacterial prostatitis with folk remedies only after consulting a doctor, otherwise such treatment will not help, but will only worsen the health condition.
For the treatment of non-bacterial prostatitis with folk remedies, you can use:
- decoctions of sedative herbs to improve overall health - chamomile, lemon balm, motherwort, valerian;
- microclysters with anti-inflammatory decoctions of St. John's wort. John, calamus, yarrow;
- warm sitz bath with calamus decoction, soda or nettle;
- suppositories with pumpkin seed oil;
- tampons with honey and propolis.
The use of any of the funds listed must be agreed with your doctor. Suppositories are prepared as follows: five parts cocoa butter is diluted in a water bath, then one part honey and one part propolis (or two parts pumpkin seed oil) are added. Then the mass was cooled, a suppository 4 cm long and 1 cm in diameter was formed and cooled in the refrigerator. Such suppositories should be injected into the rectum after a cleansing enema at night for two weeks.
Possible complications and prevention
Abacterial prostatitis requires timely diagnosis and treatment. Otherwise, pelvic pain syndrome can lead to infertility, impotence, vesiculitis and other problems of the male genitourinary system.
To prevent the development of the disease, it is necessary to lead an active lifestyle and eat properly. It is important to maintain immunity, to prevent hypothermia of the pelvic organs. Men need a regular sex life with a regular partner to prevent the development of stagnant processes in the prostate gland. It is also necessary to regularly undergo preventive checkups with a urologist.